Circular waveguide pipe is an ideal technology hardware to use in deep reservoirs. Oct 22, 20 heavy crude oil and bitumen resources are more than double the conventional light oil reserves worldwide. A practical alternative method for extraction of heavy oil recovery from tar sand or oil shale in the well bores depth from 7,000 12,000 feet below the ground surface, and possibly can be used for deeper reservoirs. What makes oil heavy is the fact that it is thick, sometimes immobile and often locked into a reservoir of sand underground. The canadian long lake project 42 by john birdgeneau case study. Upgrading in oil sands production 40 by mike ashar case study. Heavy oil recovery and usage ben reinhardt november 28, 2010 submitted as coursework for physics 240, stanford university, fall 2010. Heavy oils, extra heavy oils and tar sands are major players for the future of energy. Abstract est eni slurry technology represents a significant technological innovation in residue conversion and unconventional oil upgrading and will mark a step change in the treatment of the heavy end of the barrel. Extra heavy oil derived from oil sand is a viscous petroleum consisting of millions of different molecules.
If the oil contains higher viscosity thickness, it does not flow easily under normal conditions. Ii extraction technologies for natural bitumen and heavy oil james g. Type of crude oil extra light light crude heavy crude extra heavy api gravity 50 22 32 10 22 heavy oil upgrading environment. The initial approach was to search for the best parts of other existing technologies and, following inhouse improvements, to develop a. Bitumen partial upgrading 2018 whitepaper alberta innovates. Pdf kuwait has a huge reserve of heavy crude oils with an api gravity of 1020 deg. Speight is currently editorinchief for the journal of petroleum science and technology.
An overview of heavy oil properties and its recovery and transportation methods. Has the time for partial upgrading of heavy oil and. Type of crude oil extra light light crude heavy crude extra heavy. Although these resources are increasingly becoming commercially producible, less than 1% of total heavy crude oil deposits worldwide are under active development. Heavy oils heavy oil classification heavy oil, extra heavy oil, oil sand, tar sands, oil shale and bitumen are all unconventional oil resources.
Jiain situ upgrading extra heavy oil by catalytic aquathermolysis treatment using a new catalyst based an amphiphilic molybdenum chelate international oil and gas conference and exhibition in china, society of petroleum engineers, beijing china 2010. Every year since 2006, junewarrennickles energy group has published this unique look. To increase the efficiency of the steam injection technology and overcome the problems. Steam injection accounts for the majority of the thermal. Science and technology of mexico conacyt, the schulich school of.
The heavy oil and oilsands guidebook and directory offers complete coverage of canadas heavy oil and oilsands industry. The book provides the reader with an understandable overview of the chemistry and engineering behind the latest developments and technologies in the industry as well as the. The oil sands leadership initiative 48 by dr vincent saubestre heavy oil and extraheavy oil overview 52 by georgia lewis. Such oils are characterized by a low api gravity b 20 and high viscosity n 10 3 cp at 298. When reservoir viscosity measurements are not available, extraheavy oil is considered by the. Heavy oil properties are discussed to highlight their effects on oil flowability. Ultraheavy oil production and upgrading with gasification. Extraction technologies for natural bitumen and heavy oil. Current situation of emerging technologies for upgrading. The drawbacks are the large dimension of the equipment, the low volumetric yield of upgraded crude, the low capacity for extraheavy oil processing, the high formation of coke and a low sulfur content reduction. The sem micrographs are shown in figure 2, and they confirm that the particle size. Hydrocarbon solvent injection study for heavy oil recovery in. Extra heavy oil natural bitumen also known as oil sands, bitumen shares the attributes of heavy oil but is even more dense and viscous. Oil viscosity helps to measure a fluids resistance to flow.
Oil is termed as viscous, if its viscosity is higher. Conventional technology pipelining is designed for light and. The major heavy oil production technology addressed will be chops. Heavy oil may also require additional processing, usually referred to as upgrading, after being produced in order to be transported and refined. Integrated processing for heavy crude oil a thesis submitted to the university of manchester for the degree of. Around the world, heavy oil has been discovered when looking for conventional oil. Heavy crude oil and bitumen production is on average twice as capital and energy intensive as the production of conventional oil. Upgrading oil sands and heavy oil is an essential part of oil sands development as it adds tremendous value to the raw resource.
The voluntarily wide scope of this volume encompasses geology, production, transportation, upgrading, economics and environmental issues of heavy oils. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading heavy and extraheavy oil upgrading technologies. Upgrading of extraheavy crude oils by dispersed injection of nio. Heavy crude oil upgrading technology of patent us20060042999. When it comes to heavy oil, there are few areas where it is heavier than in parts of venezuela. Heavy and extraheavy oil upgrading technologies 1st edition. Pdf an overview of heavy oil properties and its recovery. This study is focused on evaluating a case for postproduction partial upgrading of heavy oil. Current situation of emerging technologies for upgrading of. Swri installed,commissioned and operates a clients process that exploits an underused. Market opportunities for alberta heavy crude oils in the us. Huff and puff is the major technology cnpc uses to produce heavy oil, which can generally improve the recovery. Heavy crude oil is highlyviscous oil that cannot easily flow to production wells under normal.
Brief but readable, heavy and extraheavy oil upgrading technologies provide readers with a strategy for future production the upstream and upgrading the downstream. The oil sands leadership initiative 48 by dr vincent saubestre heavy oil and extra heavy oil overview 52 by georgia lewis. Dusseault prism production technologies 2001 oil sands orinoco alberta, canada eastern, venezuela crude api 810 810 crude sulfur, wt% 24% 3. Hydrocarbon solvent injection study for heavy oil recovery. Geo expro a cleaner future for heavy oil extraction. Clear and rigorous, heavy and extraheavy oil upgrading technologies will prove tool for those scientists and engineers already engaged in fossil fuel science and technology as well as scientists, nonscientists, engineers, and nonengineers who wish to gain a general overview or update of the science and technology of unconventional fossil fuels in. Upgrading oil sands and heavy oil natural resources canada. Upgrading and refining process development natural. Characteristics high asphaltene content incorporates roughly 90 percent of the sulfur and metals in the oil dense, viscous nature similar to molasses. It allows it to be further processed into fuels and lubricants at existing refineries, and used as feedstock in petrochemical plants most of which are not engineered to handle these heavy feedstock. Meta used this list to vet the popular upgrading technologies and found them.
This leads to monikers like oil sands, a term used to describe the natural extraheavy oil or bitumen in northern canada. Purchase heavy and extraheavy oil upgrading technologies 1st edition. These aspects also represent a motivation for the continuous research to develop technologies for upgrading of heavy crude oils. Improved technology andor higher oil prices could increase the size of the reserves even further.
Heavy crude oil upgrading technology of patent us 2006018602129 figure 2. At the exit of the upgrading plant, the oil reaches a api gravity of 1819 and a 100c kinematic viscosity of 23 cst. Heavy oil recovery and upgrading 1st edition elsevier. Hcat is a catalytic heavy oil upgrading technology developed by. Using new modeling technology to help solve heavy oil. Coal, oil shale, natural bitumen, heavy oil and peat vol. The novel thaicapri technology and its comparison to other.
Swri installed, commissioned and operates a clients process that exploits an underused. Thus, a specific process or a sequence of them can be selected or approved for each precise liquid yield, since refining world wide is towards increasing heavy oil and residua. Heavy oil bitumen deposits mbbl 529 3041 92 482 178 971 18 129 72 3359 heavy oil usgs, heavy oil and natural bitumen resources in geological basins of the world bitumen 8. Evaluation of emerging technologies for heavy oil upgrading from may 1998 to january 1999, genoil researched and evaluated emerging technologies to determine their capabilities for the upgrading of heavy oil. We have been working on overcoming the challenges of heavy. Elsivier transportation of heavy and extraheavy crude.
Therefore, there is a need of looking for technologies of enhanced oil recovery methods eor for heavy and extra heavy oils, which represent approximately a 70% of the available reserves in the. Heavy oil is characterized by a higher viscosity and density than that of conventional crude oil reservoir viscosity of around 10,000 mpas. My account my business account represent a client file a gsthst return. Pdvsa is the company with the largest production of extra heavy crude oil in the world, followed by canadian companies and by the majors. Selection of technologies for upgrading of crude oils based on feed properties of. Bitumen partial upgrading and technology readiness. These technologies developed at canmetenergy and then. Various methods have been devised to mitigate the reluctance to flow of these highly dense and viscous oils. Natural bitumen has a viscosity greater than 10,000 cp. This is because of their extremely low mobility due to high viscosity at reservoir conditions alongside the presence of undesirable components such as. Heavy oil and oilsands guidebook volume 4 2009 by jwn. Global demand for nonconventional heavy and extraheavy oil has been mar. Emerging technology remarks hcat process headwaters heavy oil reported as a breakthrough process to convert low quality feedstock high asphalt and metals. Viscous oil is heavy or extra heavy crude oil with high viscosity.
Applying canadian heavy oil innovations in venezuela. Pdf upgrading kuwait heavy crude oils by eureka thermal. Clear and rigorous, heavy and extraheavy oil upgrading technologies will prove tool for those scientists and engineers already engaged in fossil fuel science and technology as well as scientists, nonscientists, engineers, and nonengineers who wish to gain a general overview or update of the science and technology of unconventional fossil fuels in general and upgrading technologies in particular. Crude oil with api 10,000 conventional heavy oil 15% source. Api, the numbers reach 50%, due the existing extraheavy oil of membrosiri field in campos basin. Shale oil and tight oil global roundup 24 oil sands overview 30 by wishart robson case study. But, when the properties of the heavy and extraheavy oils are critical, more effective. In canada, approximately 20 % of oil production is from heavy oil and oil sand resources. The voluntarily wide scope of this volume encompasses geology, production, transportation, upgrading, economics and environmental issues of. Current situation of emerging technologies for upgrading heavy oils. Little 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% others oil sands bitumen extra heavy total 2899 1640 2111 531 0 237 883 1709 1034 1106. In the orinoco fields, for example, the oil is so heavy, it is referred to as extra heavy oil, the technical definition being oil between 7 and 11 api compared to the lloydminster area with api measurements in the 9 to 18 range.
At the exit of the upgrading plant, the oil reaches a api gravity of. Viscosity in oil relates to its informal approach of thickness. Api gravity 50 22 32 10 22 energy needs extraheavy oil and oil sands will contribute to. From major oilsands operators to technological innovations to environmental. Am0629 page 1 reserved a new approach to heavy oil and bitumen upgrading b. An extraheavy crude oil from a field in the center of colombia was employed for. Canadian bitumen model of upgrading to high quality synthetic crude in the oil field. The xrd patterns of the heavy oil fly ash and carbon black are similar to each other and they are both amorphous to xray. Heavy crude oils editions technip technical books on oil. Oils with an api in this range are often called extra heavy oils. Partial or field upgrading of heavy oil and bitumen involves the conversion of only a portion of the vacuum residue and the production of a sour sco containing 525% residue.
Worldwide heavy crude oil and bitumen resources are estimated to be approximately 9,000 bn. The oil sands of alberta alone contain over two trillion barrels of oil. Heavy oil and natural bitumen resources in geological basins. The heavy oil belt in venezuela, faja petrolifera del orinoco figure 1 contains an estimated 270 billion barrels of recoverable oil, which matches the oil reserves of saudi arabia. Brief but readable, heavy and extra heavy oil upgrading technologies provide readers with a strategy for future production the upstream and upgrading the downstream. The final energy products derived from oil sands are transportation fuels. They represent a massive world resource, at least the size of conventional oils. Heavy and extraheavy oil upgrading technologies kindle edition by speight, james g download it once and read it on your kindle device, pc, phones or tablets. Throughout this paper the primary focus will be on thaicapri. The transportation of heavy and extraheavy crude oils from the headwell to the re.
Optimization of heavy oil upgrading using dispersed. Pdvsa is the company with the largest production of extra heavy crude oil in the world. Dec 23, 20 the thaicapri process was developed in 1998, and its main objective was to convert heavy oil into light oil in situ without resort to further surface upgrading, in contrast to other thermal technologies like steam flooding, sagd, css, conventional in situ combustion, etc. The use of microorganisms and a number of physical methods, such as ultrasound, median.
They are found all over the world but canada and venezuela together account, by themselves, for more than half of world deposits. When it comes to general properties, heavy crude is thicker, more resistant to flow, and usually contains higher levels of sulfur and other contaminants than does light oil. Typical technologies for upgrading of heavy oils standard technologies developed for heavy crude and residue oil upgrading include processes that are based on carbon rejection, hydrogen addition and combination of these two routes. Up to 80% of estimated heavy oil, reserves could be recovered by insitu thermal operations. Speight encyclopedia of life support systems eolss hand, the api gravity of heavy oil is on the order of 10 to 20o. When it comes to general properties, heavy crude is thicker, more resistant to flow, and usually contains higher levels of.
The transportation of heavy oil is a pressing problem. In dealing with russian resources the term natural bitumen is taken to include both maltha and asphalt but excludes asphaltite. Upgrading and refining process development in the figure below, you can see a schematic diagram example of the upgrading process pathway for cleaned bitumen in order to transform it into valueadded synthetic crude oil sco. Heavy oil, extra heavy oil, and tar sand bitumen 2. Large amounts of energy are put into the extraction and production of heavy oil about 20% to 30% of the energy that is actually produced 2 fabian bjornseth. In situ heavy oil upgrading through ultradisperse nano. Type of crude oil extra light light crude heavy crude extra heavy api gravity 50 22 32 10 22 10,000 conventional heavy oil 15% source. Heavy and extraheavy oil upgrading technologies, speight. The decision to fully upgrade crude oil in the field, or to transport minimally processed. Specifically, we analyze the impact of visbreaking, a mild thermal cracking method, on. Upgrading oil sands and heavy oil is an essential part of oil sands. Several technologies have been developed over the years in order to mobilize the.
Crewe, meta petroleum abstract the current growth in transportation fuel demand is outpacing the supply of traditional. Optimization of heavy oil upgrading using dispersed nanoparticulate iron oxide as a catalyst abdullah almarshed, abarasi hart, gary leeke, malcolm greaves, and joseph wood, school of chemical engineering, university of birmingham, edgbaston, birmingham b15 2tt, united kingdom ior research group, department of chemical engineering, university of bath, bath ba2 7ay, united. Generally the crystal structure of the heavy oil fly ash is known that it consists of carbon in amorphous state and metallic sulfate m x so 4 y or metallic oxidized material m x o y. Partial upgrading facilities can be constructed for less than half the cost of full upgrading. It is estimated that there is twice the amount of heavy crude in reserves than light crude. Conversion up to 95% and higher reactor throughput. Upgrader plants are typically located close to oil sands production, for example, the athabasca oil sands in alberta, canada or the orinoco tar sands in venezuela. An upgrader is a facility that upgrades bitumen extra heavy oil into synthetic crude oil. Purchase heavy oil recovery and upgrading 1st edition. Characterization of heavy oil fly ash generated from a. An evolution of technologies in advanced combustion engines and in transportation fuels is anticipated, motivated by.